Below are the NEET MCQ questions on Class 11 Biology Chapter Biomolecules” based on the NCERT textbook. Solve the below free NEET mock test for a better understanding of the various topics. 100+ important MCQs (multiple choice questions) are given in this NEET question bank.
“Biomolecules” is the 9th chapter in the unit “Cell: Structure and Functions” of class XI or class 11th Biology NCERT. Do note that NEET (which is conducted by NTA) is based on NCERT textbooks so they are a must-have. You can also download PDFs of NCERT textbooks.
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- Where is the protein alpha-keratin found?
(a) blood
(b) skin
(c) lymph
(d) eggs
(b) skin
- What is the false statement regarding starch and cellulose?
(a) Both of them are of plant origin.
(b) Both of them are polymers.
(c) Both of them give colour with iodine.
(d) Both of them are made up of glucose molecules.
(c) Both of them give colour with iodine.
- What type of enzyme is not matched correctly with the molecule it breaks down?
(a) Amylase–starch
(b) Lipase–starch
(c) Protease–proteins
(d) Disaccharidase–sugars
(b) Lipase–starch
- Which of the following is a non-reducing carbohydrate?
(a) Maltose
(b) Sucrose
(c) Lactose
(d) Ribose 5 – phosphate
(b) Sucrose
- It is possible to classify enzymes, vitamins, and hormones as a single category of biological chemicals because they all
(a) enhance oxidative metabolism
(b) are conjugated proteins
(c) are exclusively synthesized in the body of a living organism
(d) help in regulating metabolism
(d) help in regulating metabolism
- Proteins normally do not contain which element?
(a) C
(b) N
(c) S
(d) P
(d) P
- Which is the most abundant protein in the human body?
(a) Collagen
(b) Myosin
(c) Actin
(d) Albumin
(a) Collagen
- Which of the following is an amino acid which is not considered aromatic?
(a) Valine
(b) Tyrosine
(c) Phenylalanine
(d) Tryptophan
(a) Valine
- In DNA, what are the purine nitrogen bases?
(a) Uracil and Guanine
(b) Guanine and Adenine
(c) Adenine and cytosine
(d) None of these
(b) Guanine and Adenine
- Which one of the following statements about enzymes is wrong
(a) Enzymes require optimum pH for maximal activity
(b) Enzymes are denatured at high temperatures but in certain exceptional organisms they are effective even at temperatures of 80°-90°C
(c) Enzymes are highly specific
(d) Most enzymes are proteins but some are lipids
(d) Most enzymes are proteins but some are lipids
- Plants do not contain which of the following sugars?
(a) Sucrose
(b) Glucose
(c) Lactose
(d) Fructose
(c) Lactose
- What is the most important property of an enzyme?
(a) Composition
(b) Thermal denaturation
(c) Specificity
(d) Solubility
(c) Specificity
- Which of the following is a disaccharide?
(a) Galactose
(b) Fructose
(c) Maltose
(d) Dextrin
(c) Maltose
- What should be used to get quick energy?
(a) Carbohydrate
(b) Fats
(c) Vitamins
(d) Proteins
(a) Carbohydrate
- In an enzymatic reaction, Km is?
(a) The temp. in Kelvin at which reaction velocity is half of the maximum
(b) The value at which all enzyme molecules are saturated
(c) The conc. of substrate for Vmax.
(d) None of these
(d) None of these
- Which of the following fatty acid(s) is/are essential?
(a) Linoleic acid
(b) Linolenic acid
(c) Arachidonic acid
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
- Lipids are insoluble in water because lipid molecules are?
(a) neutral
(b) zwitterions
(c) hydrophobic
(d) hydrophilic
(c) hydrophobic
- In our body, nicotinamide is synthesized from what?
(a) tryptophan
(b) tyrosine
(c) valine
(d) alanine
(a) tryptophan
- Competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be seen in the inhibition of?
(a) succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acid
(b) cytochrome oxidase by cyanide
(c) hexokinase by glucose-6-phosphate
(d) carbonic anhydrase by carbon dioxide
(a) succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acid
- Which of the following sets of three items does not belong to the category mentioned against it?
(a) Lysine, glycine, thiamine – Amino acids
(b) Myosin, oxytocin and gastrin – Hormones
(c) Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase – Enzyme
(d) Optic nerve, occulomotor, vagus – Sensory nerves
(c) Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase – Enzyme
- Which statement is true?
(a) Adenine has 4 nitrogen atoms.
(b) Cytosine has 3 nitrogen atoms.
(c) Guanosine has 3 nitrogen atoms.
(d) Uracil has 5 nitrogen atoms.
(a) Adenine has 4 nitrogen atoms.
- What is guanylic acid?
(a) Nucleoside of purine
(b) Nucleoside of pyrimidine
(c) Nucleotide of purine
(d) Nucleotide of pyrimidine
(c) Nucleotide of purine
- Which of the following is a homopolymer?
(a) Collagen
(b) Trypsin
(c) Cellulose
(d) Chitin
(c) Cellulose
- One turn of the helix in a B-form DNA is approximately?
(a) 20 nm
(b) 0.34 nm
(c) 3.4 nm
(d) 2 nm
(c) 3.4 nm
- What is the meaning of antiparallel strands of a DNA molecule mean?
(a) One strand turns anti-clockwise
(b) The phosphate groups of two DNA strands, at their ends, share the same position
(c) The phosphate groups at the start of two DNA strands are in opposite positions (pole)
(d) one strand turns clockwise
(c) The phosphate groups at the start of two DNA strands are in opposite positions (pole)
- What causes DNA and RNA to be acidic?
(a) Purine
(b) Pyrimidine
(c) Phosphoric group
(d) Sugars
(c) Phosphoric group
- Between what two are high energy bonds of ATP present?
(a) C–C
(b) C–O
(c) C–N
(d) O–P
(d) O–P
- What is apoenzyme?
(a) protein
(b) lipid
(c) sugar
(d) vitamin
(a) protein
- What is the best source for proteins for herbivorous persons in India?
(a) Pulses
(b) Potato
(c) Egg
(d) Meat
(a) Pulses
- What is the form in which proteins are conducted in the body?
(a) Amino acids
(b) Natural proteins
(c) Enzymes
(d) Nucleic acids
(a) Amino acids
- In proteins, which functional group is involved in the formation of disulphide bonds?
(a) Thioether
(b) Thiol
(c) Thioester
(d) Thiolactone
(b) Thiol
- Biosphere’s most abundant protein is?
(a) Collagen
(b) RuBisCO
(c) Myosin
(d) Haemoglobin
(b) RuBisCO
- What determines the specificity of protein?
(a) Types of amino acid
(b) Sequence of amino acid
(c) Number of amino acids
(d) Quantity of amino acid
(b) Sequence of amino acid
- Which amino acid is not acidic?
(a) Aspartic acid
(b) Tyrosine
(c) Glutamic acid
(d) Threonine
(d) Threonine
- Where is indole ring present?
(a) Arginine
(b) Tryptophan
(c) Histidine
(d) Proline
(d) Proline
- What is the bond between the phosphate and hydroxyl groups of sugar in nucleic acid?
(a) Glycosidic bond
(b) Peptide bond
(c) Ester bond
(d) None of these
(d) None of these
- Which of the following is not a sulphur-containing amino acid?
(a) Cysteine
(b) Methionine
(c) Homocysteine
(d) Threonine
(d) Threonine
- What are the constituents of proteins?
(a) Carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, sulphur
(b) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
(c) Carbon, manganese, phosphorus, nitrogen
(d) Carbon, iodine, oxygen and inorganic phosphate
(b) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
- Where is glycogen stored?
(a) Liver and muscles
(b) Liver only
(c) Muscles only
(d) Pancreas
(a) Liver and muscles
- Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?
(a) Starch
(b) Glycogen
(c) Wax
(d) Glucose
(c) Wax
- What forms long-chain molecules of fatty acids?
(a) Polymerisation of 2 carbon compounds
(b) Decomposition of fats
(c) Polymerisation of glycogen
(d) Conversion of glycogen
(a) Polymerisation of 2 carbon compounds
- Which of the following is true?
(a) Most of the enzymes get damaged above 40° C
(b) The rate of a chemical reaction decreases by half for every 10°C change in either direction
(c) The enzyme carbonic anhydrase accelerates the rate of hydration of CO2 by about 10 million times
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
- How does an enzyme increase the rate of a reaction?
(a) supplying the energy required to start the reaction.
(b) increasing the rate of random collisions of molecules.
(c) removing the product of the reaction so allowing it to continue.
(d) bringing the reacting molecules into precise orientation with each other.
(d) bringing the reacting molecules into precise orientation with each other.
- What are protein amino acids called?
(a) a-amino acids
(b) b- amino acids
(c) g- amino acids
(d) s-amino acids
(a) a-amino acids
- Who coined the term zymase for enzymes in yeast?
(a) Kuhne
(b) Sumner
(c) Louis pasteur
(d) Edward Buchner
(d) Edward Buchner
- What does the “lock and key” model of enzyme action illustrate?
(a) An enzyme molecule may be destroyed and resynthesized several times
(b) An enzyme interacts with a specific type of substrate molecule
(c) An enzyme reacts at identical rates under all conditions
(d) An enzyme forms a permanent enzyme-substrate complex
(b) An enzyme interacts with a specific type of substrate molecule
- How are enzymes different from inorganic catalysts?
(a) Not being used up in reactions
(b) Being proteinaceous in nature
(c) Having a high diffusion rate
(d) Working at high temperature
(b) Being proteinaceous in nature
- What are the two parts that most enzymes consist of?
(a) Enzyme and substrate
(b) Enzyme and coenzyme
(c) Apoenzyme and enzyme
(d) Apoenzyme and prosthetic group
(d) Apoenzyme and prosthetic group
- What is the protein part of an enzyme known as?
(a) Holoenzyme
(b) Apoenzyme
(c) Isoenzyme
(d) All of these
(b) Apoenzyme
- Which of the following is a ribose (but not deoxyribose) nucleotide?
(a) Cytosine — pentose sugar — phosphate
(b) Guanine — pentose sugar — phosphate
(c) Thymine — pentose sugar — phosphate
(d) Uracil — pentose sugar — phosphate
(d) Uracil — pentose sugar — phosphate
- Purine and pyrimidine synthesis require which amino acid?
(a) Glycine
(b) Aspartate
(c) Alanine
(d) Glutamate
(b) Aspartate
- Which statement is correct?
(a) NAD & NADP are coenzymes that are derivatives of vitamin B
(b) Catalytic activity is lost when the cofactor is removed from the enzyme
(c) In carboxypeptidases the metallic ions are of zinc
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
- What is true regarding peroxidases and catalases?
(a) Both have coenzymes, a derivative of vitamin B
(b) Both have haem that becomes associated during a catalytic reaction
(c) They have no cofactor
(d) They have haem as the prosthetic group
(d) They have haem as the prosthetic group
- What is an organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity called?
(a) Holoenzyme
(b) Apoenzyme
(c) Isoenzyme
(d) Coenzyme
(d) Coenzyme
- About 98 per cent of the mass of every living organism is composed of just six elements including carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and ________.
(a) sulphur and magnesium
(b) magnesium and sodium
(c) calcium and phosphorus
(d) phosphorus and sulphur
(c) calcium and phosphorus
- What substances can carrier ions like Na+ facilitate the absorption of?
(a) amino acids and glucose
(b) glucose and fatty acids
(c) fatty acids and glycerol
(d) fructose and some amino acids
(a) amino acids and glucose
- Which one of the following is the most abundant protein in the animal world?
(a) Trypsin
(b) Haemoglobin
(c) Collagen
(d) Insulin
(c) Collagen
- Which biomolecule is correctly characterized?
(a) Lecithin – A phosphorylated glyceride found in the cell membrane.
(b) Palmitic acid – An unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms.
(c) Adenylic acid – Adenosine with a glucose phosphate molecule.
(d) Alanine amino acid – Contains an amino group and an acidic group anywhere in the molecule.
(a) Lecithin – A phosphorylated glyceride found in the cell membrane.
- Which type of enzyme catalyzes the inter-conversion of optical, geometrical, or positional isomers?
(a) Ligases
(b) Lyases
(c) Hydrolases
(d) Isomerases
(d) Isomerases
- Which factor has the least effect on enzyme effectiveness?
(a) Temperature
(b) Concentration of the substrate
(c) Original activation energy of the system
(d) Concentration of the enzyme
(c) Original activation energy of the system
- What is the derivative of amino acid?
(a) Epinephrine
(b) Estrogen
(c) Progesterone
(d) All of these
(a) Epinephrine
- The term zymase was coined by?
(a) Pasteur
(b) Buchner
(c) Kuhne
(d) Sumner
(b) Buchner
- What is ATP?
(a) Adenosine D-ribose three phosphate
(b) Adenosine L-ribose three phosphate
(c) Adenine D-ribose three phosphate
(d) Adenine L-ribose three phosphate
(c) Adenine D-ribose three phosphate
- One helix of B-DNA contains how many pairs of nucleotides?
(a) 10
(b) 12
(c) 5
(d) 6
(a) 10
- What does guanine pair with, inside DNA?
(a) Cytosine
(b) Thymine
(c) Uracil
(d) Adenine
(a) Cytosine
- What is the similarity between DNA and RNA?
(a) Double-stranded
(b) Having similar sugars
(c) Polymers of nucleotides
(d) Having similar pyrimidines
(c) Polymers of nucleotides
- To produce amino acids from methane, how many substituents must occupy the carbon’s valency positions?
(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 4
(d) 4
- At what substrate concentration does an enzyme reach half of its maximum velocity?
(a) Half-life of enzyme
(b) Km-constant of enzyme
(c) Concentration ratio
(d) None of these
(b) Km-constant of enzyme
- What is the energy required for the start of a biochemical reaction?
(a) Potential energy
(b) Entropy
(c) Activation energy
(d) Kinetic energy
(c) Activation energy
- What is an organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity called?
(a) Apoenzyme
(b) Isoenzyme
(c) Coenzyme
(d) Holoenzyme
(c) Coenzyme
- In animals, what is glucose stored as? What about in plants?
(a) Cellulose, starch
(b) Starch, glycogen
(c) Cellulose, glycogen
(d) Glycogen, starch
(d) Glycogen, starch
- The Km value of an enzyme is the value of the substrate concentration at which the reaction reaches?
(a) Zero
(b) 2 Vmax
(c) ½ Vmax
(d) ¼ Vmax
(c) ½ Vmax
- Which of the following is not a polysaccharide?
(a) Sucrose
(b) Starch
(c) Glycogen
(d) Cellulose
(a) Sucrose
- What is the decreasing order of the amount of organic compound in an animal body?
(a) Carbohydrate, protein, fat, and nucleic acid
(b) Protein, fat, nucleic acid and carbohydrate
(c) Protein, fat, carbohydrate and nucleic acid.
(d) Carbohydrates, fats, protein and nucleic acid
(c) Protein, fat, carbohydrate and nucleic acid.
- What is an amino acid?
(a) Substituted methane
(b) Substituted ethane
(c) Any acid having an amino group
(d) Derivative of indoleacetic acid
(a) Substituted methane
- In flowering plants, what form does translocation of sugars occur in?
(a) Glucose
(b) Sucrose
(c) Fructose
(d) Maltose
(b) Sucrose
- Which two statements are correct?
A. Blood conc. of glucose in a normal healthy man is 4.5 to 5.0 mM
B. In proteins only left-handed helices are observed
C. The pitch of B- DNA is 3.4 Angstrom
D. At each step of ascent the strand of DNA turns 36 degree
(a) A, B
(b) B, C
(c) C, D
(d) A, D
(d) A, D
- How many active sites are present in an allosteric enzyme?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
- Which of the following is not a co-enzyme?
(a) NAD
(b) NADP
(c) FAD
(d) ATP
(d) ATP
- Which enzyme shows the greatest substrate specificity?
(a) Nuclease
(b) Trypsin
(c) Sucrase
(d) Pepsin
(c) Sucrase
- What is the term for an organic substance that is bound to an enzyme and is essential for its activity?
(a) Apoenzyme
(b) Isoenzyme
(c) Coenzyme
(d) Holoenzyme
(c) Coenzyme
- What are phospholipids?
(a) hydrophilic
(b) amphibolic
(c) hydrophobic
(d) amphipathic
(d) amphipathic
- Why are phospholipids important cell membrane constituents?
(a) contain glycerol
(b) can form bilayers in water
(c) combine covalently with protein
(d) contain polar and non-polar portions
(d) contain polar and non-polar portions
- Where does cholesterol occur predominantly?
(a) epithelial tissue
(b) muscular tissue
(c) nervous tissue
(d) plants
(c) nervous tissue
- Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide is a composite molecule made up of what?
(a) Base-sugar-OH
(b) Base-sugar-phosphate
(c) Sugar-phosphate
(d) (Base-sugar-phosphate)ₙ
(b) Base-sugar-phosphate
- Which fatty acid can be used to detect spoilage in oil?
(a) Oleic acid
(b) Linolenic acid
(c) Linoleic acid
(d) Erucic acid
(d) Erucic acid
- Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiation than normal cells. This is because
(a) starved of mutation
(b) undergoing rapid division
(c) different in structure
(d) non-dividing
(b) undergoing rapid division
- Due to which discovery in 1980 the evolution was termed as RNA world?
(a) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA synthesise proteins
(b) In some virus RNA the genetic material
(c) RNA have enzymatic property
(d) RNA is not found in all cells
(c) RNA have enzymatic property
- Radioactive thymidine when added to the medium surrounding living mammalian cells gets incorporated into the newly synthesized DNA. Which type of chromatin is expected to become radioactive if cells are exposed to radioactive thymidine as soon as they enter the S-phase?
(a) Heterochromatin
(b) Euchromatin
(c) Both heterochromatin and euchromatin
(d) Neither heterochromatin nor euchromatin but only the nucleolus
(b) Euchromatin
- What are the chemical components of a phosphoglycerate?
(a) only an unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached
(b) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached
(c) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a phosphate group which is also attached to a glycerol
molecule.
(d) only a saturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached.
(b) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached
- In a nucleotide what is the bond between phosphate and sugar?
(a) H-bond
(b) Covalent bond
(c) Phosphodiester bond
(d) Sulphide bond
(b) Covalent bond
- Where are gamma globulins synthesized?
(a) liver
(b) kidney
(c) bone marrow
(d) lymph and lymphoid tissues
(a) liver
- What are proteins?
(a) polysaccharides
(b) polyamides
(c) polynucleotides
(d) polyglycol
(b) polyamides
- Fehling’s test is given by?
(a) Pectin
(b) Sucrose
(c) Cellulose
(d) Glucose
(d) Glucose
- What is Km related to?
(a) Morphology
(b) ABO blood group
(c) ES complex
(d) Chromatography
(c) ES complex
- Which statement is false regarding enzymes?
(a) Enzyme is a complex structure of a protein
(b) Enzymes can be regulated by specific molecules
(c) Enzyme is more sensitive to the change in temperature and pH
(d) Enzyme functions as a catalyst for various reactions
(c) Enzyme is more sensitive to the change in temperature and pH
- Which enzymes are required to obtain protoplasts?
(a) Cellulase and proteinase
(b) Cellulase and amylase
(c) Cellulase and pectinase
(d) Amylase and pectinase
(b) Cellulase and amylase
- What is sucrose composed of?
(a) Glucose & Fructose
(b) Glucose & Glycogen
(c) Two molecules of Glucose
(d) Glycogen & Fructose
(a) Glucose & Fructose
- What organisms produce carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth?
(a) Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells
(b) All bacteria, fungi and algae
(c) Fungi, algae and green plants cells
(d) Viruses, fungi and bacteria
(a) Some bacteria, algae and green plant cells
- Which disaccharide gives two molecules of glucose on hydrolysis?
(a) Maltose
(b) Lactose
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Sucrose
(a) Maltose
- The difference between the structures of glucose and galactose lies in the?
(a) First carbon atom
(b) Second carbon atom
(c) Third carbon atom
(d) Fourth carbon atom
(d) Fourth carbon atom
- What glycosidic linkage is seen in lactose?
(a) Alpha 1-4 linkage
(b) Beta 1-4 linkage
(c) Alpha 1-6 linkage
(d) Alpha 1-2 linkage
(b) Beta 1-4 linkage
- How can two different enzymes’ catalytic efficiency be compared?
(a) By product formation
(b) Based on pH optimum value
(c) Using Km value
(d) Comparing the molecular size of enzymes
(c) Using Km value
- Which of the following is the simplest amino acid?
(a) Alanine
(b) Asparagine
(c) Glycine
(d) Tyrosine
(c) Glycine
- Which enzyme hydrolyses internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide chain?
(a) Lipase
(b) Protease
(c) Endonuclease
(d) Exonuclease
(c) Endonuclease
- Which statement about proteins is correct?
(a) Alpha helices and beta sheets are forms of a polypeptide’s tertiary structure.
(b) Nucleotides join via condensation reactions to form polypeptides.
(c) The words polypeptide and protein have identical meanings.
(d) Protein structure is correlated with protein function.
(d) Protein structure is correlated with protein function.
- Which of the following is a reducing sugar?
(a) galactose
(b) gluconic acid
(c) b -methyl galactoside
(d) sucrose
(a) galactose
- What is it called when a coenzyme is combined with an apoenzyme?
(a) Cofactor
(b) Holoenzyme
(c) Substrate enzyme complex
(d) Vitamin A
(b) Holoenzyme
- What is the non-protein part of an enzyme known as?
(a) Holoenzyme
(b) Apoenzyme
(c) Coenzyme
(d) All of these
(c) Coenzyme
- Which of the following is an iron porphyrin coenzyme or cofactor?
(a) Cytochrome
(b) FAD
(c) CoA
(d) NAD
(a) Cytochrome
- What does adult human haemoglobin consist of?
(a) 2 subunits (a, a)
(b) 2 subunits (b, b)
(c) 4 subunits (2a, 2b)
(d) 3 subunits (2a, 1b)
(c) 4 subunits (2a, 2b)
- What is lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), which catalyzes pyruvate to lactate, an example of?
(a) Apoenzyme
(b) Antienzyme
(c) Isoenzyme
(d) Coenzyme
(c) Isoenzyme
- What are the essential chemical components of many coenzymes?
(a) Nucleic acids
(b) Carbohydrates
(c) Vitamins
(d) Proteins
(c) Vitamins
- What is the nature of the transition state structure of the substrate formed during an enzymatic reaction?
(a) permanent but unstable
(b) transient and unstable
(c) permanent and stable
(d) transient but stable
(b) transient and unstable
- What is true about the macro molecule chitin?
(a) It is a phosphorus-containing polysaccharide
(b) It is a sulphur-containing polysaccharide
(c) It is a simple polysaccharide
(d) It is a nitrogen-containing polysaccharide
(d) Nitrogen-containing polysaccharide
- Which statement about enzymes is incorrect?
(a) Enzymes require optimum pH and temperature for maximum activity
(b) Enzymes are denatured at high temperatures
(c) Enzymes are mostly proteins but some are lipids also
(d) Enzymes are highly specific
(c) Enzymes are mostly proteins but some are lipids also