Below are the NEET MCQ questions on Class 12 Biology Chapter “Biotechnology & its Applications” based on the NCERT textbook. Solve the below free NEET mock test for a better understanding of the various topics. 100+ important MCQs (multiple choice questions) are given in this NEET question bank.
“Biotechnology & its Applications” is the 12th chapter in the unit “Biotechnology” of class XII or class 12th Biology NCERT. Do note that NEET (which is conducted by NTA) is based on NCERT textbooks so they are a must-have. You can also download PDFs of NCERT textbooks.
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- What is a tumour-inducing plasmid widely used in producing transgenic plants?
(a) Escherichia coli
(b) Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Staphylococcus aureus
(d) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(d) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- Which of the following statements is true?
(a) “Bt” in “Bt-cotton” indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology.
(b) Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes.
(c) The anticoagulant ‘hirudin’ is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
(d) “Flavr Savr” variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which improves its taste.
(c) The anticoagulant ‘hirudin’ is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
- The cultivation of Bt cotton has been much in the news. Bt stands for
(a) barium-treated cotton seeds
(b) bigger thread variety of cotton with better tensile strength
(c) produced by biotechnology using restriction enzymes and ligases
(d) carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
(d) carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
- A transgenic crop of the future, golden rice has which of the following improved traits?
(a) High lysine (essential amino acid) content
(b) Insect resistance
(c) High protein content
(d) High vitamin-A content
(d) High vitamin-A content
- Approximately how many varieties of rice are there in India?
(a) 2,000
(b) 20,000
(c) 200,000
(d) 2,000,000
(c) 200,000
- What is the process by which crop plants are enriched with certain desirable nutrients?
(a) crop protection
(b) breeding
(c) bio-fortification
(d) bio-remediation
(c) bio-fortification
- Which of the following is a variety of Brassica that is resistant to white rust?
(a) Himgiri
(b) Pusa Kamal
(c) Pusa Swarnim (Karan rai)
(d) Pusa Sadabahar
(c) Pusa Swarnim (Karan rai)
- In 1990, the first clinical gene therapy was administered to a 4 years old girl with enzyme deficiency of?
(a) Adenosine deaminase (ADA)
(b) Tyrosine oxidase
(c) Monoamine oxidase
(d) Glutamate dehydrogenase
(a) Adenosine deaminase (ADA)
- Choose the correct statement(s)
(1) IARI has released a mustard variety rich in vitamin C.
(2) Pusa Sawani variety of Okra is resistant to aphids.
(3) Hairiness of leaves provides resistance to insect pests.
(4) Agriculture accounts for approximately 33% of India’s GDP and employs nearly 62% of the population.
(a) (1) and (2)
(b) (2) and (3)
(c) (1), (3) and (4)
(d) None of these
(c) (1), (3) and (4)
- Read the following four statements (1-4).
1. The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk that was human alphalactal albumin enriched.
2. Restriction enzymes are used in the isolation of DNA from other macro-molecules.
3. Downstream processing is one of the steps of R-DNA technology.
4. Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of R-DNA into the host.
Two statements have mistakes. Which are they?
(a) Statement 2 and 3
(b) Statement 3 and 4
(c) Statement 1 and 3
(d) Statement 1 and 2
(d) Statement 1 and 2
- What is a transgenic food crop that may solve the problem of night blindness in developing countries?
(a) golden rice
(b) Bt soyabean
(c) flavr – savr tomato
(d) starlink maize
(a) golden rice
- Even though the majority of varieties of this rice are found in India, which variety of rice was patented by a U.S. company?
(a) Sharbati Sonara
(b) Co-667
(c) Basmati
(d) Lerma Roja
(c) Basmati
- Flavr Savr is a transgenic variety of?
(a) cotton
(b) rice
(c) tomato
(d) potato
(c) tomato
- What is biopiracy related to?
(a) Traditional knowledge
(b) Biomolecules and regarding bioresources genes isolated from bioresources
(c) Bioresources
(d) All of the above
(d) All of the above
- Which of the following is produced commercially using genetically engineered bacteria?
(a) thyroxine
(b) human insulin
(c) testosterone
(d) penicillin
(b) human insulin
- A lot of attention has been paid to the cultivation of Bt cotton. What does “Bt” mean?
(a) Barium treated cotton seeds
(b) Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
(c) Produced by biotechnology method
(d) Bigger thread variety of cotton with tensile strength
(b) Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis.
- Once released for cultivation, golden rice is a promising transgenic crop that helps in?
(a) producing petrol like fuel from rice
(b) alleviation of vitamin A
(c) pest resistance
(d) herbicide tolerance
(b) alleviation of vitamin A
- What has been designed with Bacillus thuringiensis strains (Bt)?
(a) biofertilizers
(b) bio-metallurgical technique
(c) biominerallurgical process
(d) bioinsecticidal plants
(d) bioinsecticidal plants.
- The broad-spectrum antibiotics chloramphenicol and erythromycin are produced by?
(a) Streptomyces
(b) Nitrobacter
(c) Rhizobium
(d) Penicillium
(a) Streptomyces
- Transgenic animals are those that have?
(a) foreign DNA in some cells
(b) foreign DNA in all of their cells
(c) foreign RNA in all of their cells
(d) Both (a) and (c)
(b) foreign DNA in all of their cells.
- The transgenic plants are those that have?
(a) no gene
(b) genes in transposition
(c) genes with no function to perform
(d) genes of another organism
(d) genes of another organism
- In E.coli, recombinant DNA technology can be used to produce the biologically active form of which of the following?
(a) Luteinizing hormone
(b) Ecdysone
(c) Rifamycin
(d) Interferon
(d) Interferon
- Genetically modified foods are associated with which of the following risk combinations?
I. Toxicity
II. Allergic reaction
III. Antibiotic resistance in micro-organisms present in the alimentary canal
(a) I and II
(b) I, II and III
(c) I and III
(d) II and III
(b) I, II and III
- Which one of the following vaccines is related to tissue culture?
(a) Chicken pox
(b) Hepatitis -B
(c) Anti rabies
(d) Measles
(c) Anti rabies
- What is the source of cheese and yoghurt?
(a) distillation
(b) pasteurization
(c) fermentation
(d) dehydration
(c) fermentation
- What is the main objective of producing herbicide-resistant GM crops?
(a) to encourage eco-friendly herbicides
(b) reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
(c) eliminate weeds from fields without the use of manual labour
(d) eliminate weeds from the fields without the use of herbicides
(c) eliminate weeds from fields without the use of manual labour
- What is the main technique involved in agricultural biotechnology?
(a) Tissue culture
(b) Transformation
(c) Plant breeding
(d) DNA replication
(a) Tissue culture
- The techniques of biotechnology have been utilised to the maximum extent in what field?
(a) Agriculture
(b) Medicines
(c) Industries
(d) Biogas production
(b) Medicines
- A transgenic crop of the future, golden rice has which of the following improved traits
(a) High lysine (essential amino acid) content
(b) Insect resistance
(c) High protein content
(d) High vitamin-A content
(d) High vitamin-A content
- A product and the microorganism responsible for it are properly matched by which of the following?
(a) Ethyl alcohol- Yeast
(b) Acetic acid- Lactobacillus
(c) Cheese – Nitrobacter
(d) Curd – Azotobacter
(a) Ethyl alcohol- Yeast
- Which bacteria is generally used in genetic engineering?
(a) Agrobacterium
(b) Bacillus
(c) Pseudomonas
(d) Clostridium
(a) Agrobacterium
- What is Humulin?
(a) A form of chitin
(b) A powerful antibiotic
(c) A new digestive enzyme
(d) Human insulin
(d) Human insulin
- Genetically engineered microbes used in oil spill bioremediation are a species of?
(a) Pseudomonas
(b) Trichoderma
(c) Xanthomonas
(d) Bacillus
(a) Pseudomonas
- What are the prerequisites for the biotechnological production of antibiotics?
(a) to search for an antibiotic producing microorganism
(b) to isolate the antibiotic gene
(c) to join antibiotic gene with E. coli plasmid
(d) All of the above
(d) All of the above
- The prenatal screening of humans, the AIDS virus testing of humans, and genetic engineering to protect plants from insect attacks all
(a) are types of gene therapy
(b) are examples of the application of rDNA technology
(c) require the use of the same restriction enzyme
(d) are carried out using gene guns
(b) are examples of the application of rDNA technology.
- Where is cry protein obtained from?
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis
(b) Bacillus subtilis
(c) Clostridium welchii
(d) E. coli
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis
- Despite its effectiveness for improving overall growth and milk production in cattle, genetically engineered bovine growth hormone (BGH) is still a hotly debated topic because?
(a) BGH is clearly hazardous to human health
(b) BGH is an environmental hazard
(c) BGH could drive traditional family farmers out of business
(d) scientists remain unconvinced that BGH really works
(c) BGH could drive traditional family farmers out of business
- What are DNA vaccines?
(a) a mixture of hormones
(b) recombinant vaccines
(c) synthetic vaccines
(d) pure DNA or RNA
(d) pure DNA or RNA
- Which enzyme does Trichoderma secrete that is used in the biocontrol of fungal pathogens?
(a) DNAase
(b) RNAase
(c) Chitinase
(d) Cry protein
(c) Chitinase
- Sometimes, genetic engineering of mammalian cells is necessary to produce proteins because they
(a) can produce larger quantities of protein than bacteria
(b) can read eukaryotic genes and bacteria cannot
(c) can add sugars to make glycoproteins and bacteria cannot
(d) are easier to grow than bacteria
(c) can add sugars to make glycoproteins and bacteria cannot
- What does GEAC stand for?
(a) Genome Engineering Action Committee
(b) Ground Environment Action Committee
(c) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(d) Genetic and Environment Approval committee
(c) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
- Which commercial products have been successfully produced using genetically engineered bacteria?
(a) human insulin
(b) testosterone
(c) thyroxine
(d) melatonin
(a) human insulin
- Which of the following is commonly used to transfer foreign DNA into crop plants?
(a) Meloidogyne incognita
(b) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(c) Penicillium expansum
(d) Trichoderma harzianum
(b) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- What are Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains used for designing?
(a) Biofertilizers
(b) Bio-metallurgical techniques
(c) Bio-mineralization processes
(d) Bioinsecticidal plants
(d) Bioinsecticidal plants
- What is the main objective of the production or use of herbicide-resistant GM crops?
(a) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour
(b) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides
(c) encourage eco-friendly herbicides
(d) reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
(d) reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
- What are transgenic plants?
(a) generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell
(b) produced after protoplast fusion in an artificial medium
(c) grown in the artificial medium after hybridization in the field
(d) produced by a somatic embryo in an artificial medium
(a) generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell
- What purpose has genetically modified (GM) brinjal been developed for in India?
(a) insect-resistance
(b) enhancing shelf life
(c) enhancing mineral content
(d) drought-resistance
(a) insect-resistance
- What has genetic engineering been successfully used for producing?
(a) transgenic mice for testing the safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
(b) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
(c) transgenic cow – Rosie which produces high-fat milk for making ghee
(d) animals like bulls for farm work as they have a superpower
(a) transgenic mice for testing the safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
- What is the maximum number of existing transgenic animals of?
(a) fish
(b) mice
(c) cow
(d) pig
(b) mice
- What is Bt cotton?
(a) a GM plant
(b) an insect-resistant
(c) a bacterial gene expressing system
(d) resistant to all pesticides
(d) resistant to all pesticides
- What is the C-peptide of human insulin?
(a) a part of a mature insulin molecule
(b) responsible for the formation of disulphide bridges
(c) removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin
(d) responsible for its biological activity
(c) removed during maturation of pro-insulin to insulin
- What does GEAC stand for?
(a) Genome Engineering Action Committee
(b) Ground Environment Action Committee
(c) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(d) Genetic and Environment Approval Committee
(c) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
- What is a–1 Antitrypsin?
(a) an antacid
(b) an enzyme
(c) used to treat arthritis
(d) Used to treat emphysema
(d) Used to treat emphysema
- Probes are molecules used to locate specific sequences in mixtures of DNA and RNA molecules that could be
(a) a single-stranded RNA
(b) a single-stranded DNA
(c) either RNA or DNA
(d) can be ssDNA but not ssRNA
- Select the correct option for Retrovirus.
(a) A RNA virus that can synthesise DNA during infection
(b) A DNA virus that can synthesise RNA during infection
(c) A ssDNA virus
(d) A dsRNA virus
(a) A RNA virus that can synthesise DNA during infection
- Where is the site of ADA production in the body?
(a) Bone marrow
(b) lymphocytes
(c) blood plasma
(d) Monocytes
(b) lymphocytes
- What is a protoxin?
(a) a primitive toxin
(b) a denatured toxin
(c) a toxin produced by protozoa
(d) inactive toxin
(d) inactive toxin
- What is Pathophysiology?
(a) study of the physiology of pathogen
(b) study of the normal physiology of a host
(c) study of altered physiology of a host
(d) None of these
(c) study of altered physiology of a host
- What triggers the activation of the toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis?
(a) acidic pH of the stomach
(b) high temperature
(c) alkaline pH of the gut
(d) mechanical action in the insect gut
(c) alkaline pH of the gut
- What is golden rice?
(a) a variety of rice grown along the yellow river in China
(b) long-stored rice having yellow colour tint
(c) transgenic rice having the gene for b-carotene
(d) a wild variety of rice with yellow coloured grains
(c) transgenic rice having the gene for b-carotene
- How are genes silenced in RNAi?
(a) ss DNA
(b) ds DNA
(c) ds RNA
(d) ss RNA
(c) ds RNA
- The first clinical gene therapy was used to treat
(a) AIDS
(b) Cancer
(c) Cystic fibrosis
(d) SCID (Severe Combined Immuno Deficiency) resulting from the deficiency of ADA
(d) SCID (Severe Combined Immuno Deficiency) resulting from the deficiency of ADA
- An enzyme called ADA is deficient in the genetic disorder SCID. The full form for ADA is?
(a) Adenosine deoxy aminase
(b) Adenosine deaminase
(c) Aspartate deaminase
(d) Arginine deaminase
(b) Adenosine deaminase
- A gene can be silenced by using?
(a) short interfering RNA (RNAi)
(b) antisense RNA
(c) by Both
(d) None of the above
(c) by Both
- Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?
(a) Cotton
(b) Brinjal
(c) Soyabean
(d) Maize
(a) Cotton
- Which one of the following vectors is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy?
(a) Ti plasmid
(b) Adenovirus
(c) Cosmid
(d) Ri plasmid
(b) Adenovirus
- What does RNA interference involve?
(a) Synthesis of mRNA from DNA
(b) Synthesis of cDNA from RNA using reverse transcriptase
(c) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA
(d) Interference of RNA in the synthesis of DNA
(c) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA
- Why are Pollen tablets available in the market?
(a) In vitro fertilization
(b) Breeding programmes
(c) Supplementing food
(d) Ex-situ conservation
(c) Supplementing food
- What was the first human hormone produced using recombinant DNA technology?
(a) Insulin
(b) Estrogen
(c) Thyroxin
(d) Progesterone
(a) Insulin
- The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant to what?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Insects
(c) Herbicides
(d) Fungi
(c) Herbicides
- In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to?
(a) Acidic pH of the insect gut
(b) Action of gut micro-organisms
(c) Presence of conversion factors in the insect gut
(d) Alkaline pH of the insect gut
(d) Alkaline pH of the insect gut
- GM research and the safe introduction of GM organisms for public use in India is regulated by which government body?
(a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research
(b) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
(c) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation
(d) Bio-safety committee
(b) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
- Gold rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene being is meant for the biosynthesis of?
(a) Vitamin C
(b) Omega 3
(c) Vitamin A
(d) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin A
- Silencing of mRNA has been used to produce transgenic plants that are resistant to?
(a) bollworms
(b) nematodes
(c) white rusts
(d) bacterial blights
(b) nematodes
- Bacillus thuringiensis produces protein crystals containing insecticidal proteins.
(a) binds with epithelial cells of the midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
(b) is coded by several genes including the gene cry
(c) is activated by the acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest
(d) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin
(a) binds with epithelial cells of the midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
- Which one of the following statements is true?
(a) “Bt” in “Bt-cotton” indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology
(b) Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes
(c) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds
(d) “Flavr Savr” variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which improves its taste
(c) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds
- Which of the following Bt crops are being grown by farmers in India?
(a) Cotton
(b) Brinjal
(c) Soyabean
(d) Maize
(a) Cotton
- Gene therapy involves replacing a defective gene with a vector. Which vector is used?
(a) Ti plasmid
(b) Adenovirus
(c) Cosmid
(d) Ri plasmid
(b) Adenovirus
- What is the purpose of adding chilled ethanol during the process of DNA isolation?
(a) Remove proteins such as histones
(b) Precipitate DNA
(c) Break open the cell to release DNA
(d) Facilitate action of restriction enzymes
(b) Precipitate DNA
- What does RNA interference involve?
(a) Synthesis of mRNA from DNA
(b) Synthesis of cDNA from RNA using reverse transcriptase
(c) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA
(d) Interference of RNA in the synthesis of DNA
(c) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA
- What is the incorrect option?
(a) The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus nucleopolyhedrovirus
(b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus are an excellent model for broadspectrum insecticidal applications
(c) Nucleopolyhedrovirus have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects
(d) This is especially desirable when beneficial insects are being conserved to aid in an overall IPM programme
(b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus are an excellent model for broadspectrum insecticidal applications.
- Which of these is not a DNA fingerprinting application?
(a) Solving immigration cases
(b) Solving paternity cases
(c) Therapy for curing SCID
(d) Identifying gene mutation
(c) Therapy for curing SCID
- Which of the following is not a property of DNA hybridization?
(a) Double-stranded and base-pairing properties
(b) Denaturation and renaturation properties
(c) Minor and major grooves
(d) Sequence specificity
(c) Minor and major grooves
- Why is genetically modified food not desirable?
(a) allergies and toxicity may be caused
(b) incorporation of antibiotic resistance in human beings
(c) disturbance in metabolism due to enzyme for antibiotic resistance
(d) All of the above
(d) All of the above
- Which of the following statements is false?
1. Insulin was originally extracted from the pancreas of slaughtered pigs and cattle
2. Animal insulin is difficult to obtain
3. Animal insulin is identical to human insulin
4. Non-human insulin caused some patients to develop an allergy
5. Recombinant DNA allowed scientists to insert a human insulin gene into a bacterial expression vector
6. Recombinant insulin is actually obtained from E.coli bacterial cell
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 and 4
(c) Only 3
(d) Only 6
(c) Only 3
- Which of the following techniques is used for early diagnosis?
1. R-DNA technology
2. PCR
3. ELISA
4. Convential method of diagnosis (serum, urine analysis, etc.)
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) only 4
(c) only 3
(d) All of these
(a) 1, 2 and 3
- Why are transgenic animals produced?
1. To study how genes are regulated and how they affect the normal functions of the body and its development
2. To study diseases
3. To obtain a useful biological product
4. To test vaccine safety and chemical safety
(a) All of these
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 4
(d) Only 1
(a) All of these
- Which of the following is true about Bt toxin?
(a) Bt protein exists as an active toxin in the Bacillus
(b) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication
(c) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins
(d) The inactive protoxin gets converted into an active form in the insect gut
(d) The inactive protoxin gets converted into an active form in the insect gut
- Which of the following is a characteristic of Bt cotton?
(a) long fibre and resistance to aphids
(b) medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests
(c) high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
(d) high yield and resistance to bollworms
(d) high yield and resistance to bollworms
- In order to create an organism that could break down a variety of toxic wastes, scientists combined the genes of several bacteria to create one super bacterium. In order to create the super bacterium, they probably did not need which of the following?
(a) Nucleic acid probes
(b) F factors
(c) Plasmids
(d) Restriction enzymes
(b) F factors
- A biotechnology-produced drug that is used in cancer treatment is called
(a) Interferon
(b) hGH
(c) TSH
(d) Insulin
(a) Interferon
- In which of the following bacteria has the production of B12 vitamins been increased by 20,000 times through the use of biotechnology?
(a) Ashbya gossypii
(b) E. coli
(c) Pseudomonas denitrificans
(d) Propionibacterium shermanii
(a) Ashbya gossypii
- What is a-I antitrypsin?
(a) an antacid
(b) an enzyme
(c) used to treat arthritis
(d) used to treat emphysema
(d) used to treat emphysema
- What is an example of gene therapy?
(a) Production of injectable hepatitis B vaccine
(b) Production of vaccines in food crops like potatoes which can be eaten
(c) Introduction of a gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from severe combined Immunodeficiency
(d) Production of test-tube babies by artificial insemination and implantation of fertilized eggs
(c) Introduction of a gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from severe combined Immunodeficiency
- What is the name of the vaccine prepared by Recombinant DNA Technology?
(a) First generation vaccine
(b) Second generation vaccine
(c) Third generation vaccine
(d) Synthesized vaccine
(b) Second generation vaccine
- How is genetically engineered human insulin prepared?
(a) E. coli
(b) Rhizopus
(c) Pseudomonas
(d) Yeast
(a) E. coli
- What is a protoxin?
(a) a primitive toxin
(b) a denatured toxin
(c) a toxin produced by protozoa
(d) inactive toxin
(d) inactive toxin
- E. coli are used to produce?
(a) Rifampicin
(b) LH
(c) Ecdysone
(d) Interferon
(d) Interferon
- What is the most widely used bioweapon?
(a) Bacillus subtilis
(b) Pseudomonas putida
(c) Bacillus anthracis
(d) None of these
(c) Bacillus anthracis
- What is the estimated number of varieties of rice in India?
(a) 2,000
(b) 20,000
(c) 200,000
(d) 2,000,000
(c) 200,000
- What is biopiracy related to?
(a) Bioreasearches
(b) Traditional knowledge
(c) Biomolecules and genes discovered
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
- When DNA fingerprinting is used in a criminal trial, what does a genetic “match” between the suspect and evidence left at the crime scene provide?
(a) definitive proof that the suspect is guilty
(b) a high probability that the suspect is guilty
(c) a low probability that the suspect is guilty
(d) definitive proof that the suspect is innocent
(b) a high probability that the suspect is guilty.
- A technique called RNA interference has been developed to protect plants from nematodes, which are silenced by the _ produced by the host plant.
(a) dsDNA
(b) ssDNA
(c) dsRNA
(d) target proteins
(c) dsRNA
- Which of these is not related to bioweapons?
(a) Bacillus anthracis
(b) Clostridium botulinum
(c) E. coli
(d) Yersinia pestis
(c) E. coli
- Which one of the following genes is defective in patients suffering from severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID)?
(a) RNAase
(b) ADA
(c) Ribonucleotide reductase
(d) DNAase
(b) ADA
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