Below are the NEET MCQ questions on Class 11 Biology Chapter “Plant Growth and Development” based on the NCERT textbook. Solve the below free NEET mock test for a better understanding of the various topics. 100+ important MCQs (multiple choice questions) are given in this NEET question bank.
“Plant Growth and Development” is the 15th chapter in the unit “Plant Physiology” of class XI or class 11th Biology NCERT. Do note that NEET (which is conducted by NTA) is based on NCERT textbooks so they are a must-have. You can also download PDFs of NCERT textbooks.
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- Which substances control growth and originate at the tip of the stem?
(a) Vitamins
(b) Enzymes
(c) Food materials
(d) Auxins
(d) Auxins
- In a leguminous plant, which growth substance acts as a stimulant during nodule formation?
(a) Ethylene
(b) ABA
(c) IAA
(d) Morphactin
(c) IAA
- Flowering in which of the following is stimulated by vernalization?
(a) zamikand
(b) turmeric
(c) carrot
(d) ginger
(c) carrot
- Which of the following mainly produces auxins?
(a) Apical root meristem
(b) Root cambium
(c) Apical shoot meristem
(d) Phloem in shoot tip
(c) Apical shoot meristem
- Indole acetic acid inhibits the growth of what?
(a) Roots
(b) Leaves
(c) Shoots
(d) Plants in general
(a) Roots
- How does the transportation of the native auxin (Endogenous) in a plant take place?
(a) From the shoot tip in the downward direction
(b) From the root tip in the upward direction
(c) Through vascular systems in plants
(d) By a special transport system in the root
(a) From the shoot tip in the downward direction
- Which one of the following cells is totipotent?
(a) Meristem
(b) Sieve tube
(c) Cork
(d) Xylem vessels
(a) Meristem
- What is the primary precursor of I.A.A?
(a) Phenylalanine
(b) Tyrosine
(c) Tryptophan
(d) Valine
(c) Tryptophan
- Which of the following is used to test the biological activity of the I.A.A?
(a) a-amylase test
(b) Avena curvature test
(c) Soyabean callus test
(d) Xanthium leaf disc test
(b) Avena curvature test
- Auxin, an indole-3 acetic acid, was first isolated from what?
(a) Human urine
(b) Corn germ oil
(c) Fusarium
(d) Rhizopus
(a) Human urine
- Which of the following is responsible for inducing cell division and delay in senescence?
(a) cytokinins
(b) auxins
(c) GA
(d) CoA
(a) cytokinins
- What is the reason for the curling of tendrils?
(a) thigmotropism
(b) phototropism
(c) chemotropism
(d) nyctinasty
(a) thigmotropism
- For embryo expansion to not be physically retarded, a method is used to make the seed coat permeable to water. What is this method called?
(a) vernalization
(b) stratification
(c) denudation
(d) scarification
(d) scarification
- Where are growing points present?
(a) Meristematic cells
(b) Mature cells
(c) Dead cells
(d) Slowly enlarging cells
(a) Meristematic cells
- Which of the following helps in the growth of the plant body?
(a) Lateral meristems
(b) Apical meristems
(c) Both apical and lateral meristems
(d) None of these
(c) Both apical and lateral meristems
- Who discovered the Avena coleoptile test to find out the quantity of growth-promoting hormones?
(a) F.W. Went
(b) L.J. Oudus
(c) K.V. Thimann
(d) F. Skoog
(a) F.W. Went
- It has been made possible for the pineapple, which is difficult to blossom under natural conditions, to produce fruits throughout the year through the use of what?
(a) IAA, IBA
(b) NAA, 2, 4-D
(c) Phenylacetic acid
(d) Cytokinin
(b) NAA, 2, 4-D
- Choose the incorrectly matched pair from the following.
(a) Auxins – “to grow”
(b) Gibberellins – “gibberella fujikurai”
(c) Cytokinins – Herring sperm DNA
(d) Abscisic acid – Flowering hormone
(d) Abscisic acid – Flowering hormone
- To demonstrate the presence of gibberellin, which of the following tests will you perform?
(a) Bolting of cabbage
(b) Differentiation of shoots in tobacco callus culture
(c) Rapid division in carrot cells
(d) Elongation of Avena coleoptile
(a) Bolting of cabbage
- Cell division is the primary concern of which of the following?
(a) GA3
(b) IAA
(c) Cytokinin
(d) IBA
(c) Cytokinin
- Some growth regulators affect stomatal opening. How is the closure of stomata brought about?
(a) Abscisic acid
(b) Kinetin
(c) Gibberellic acid
(d) Indole butyric acid
(a) Abscisic acid
- The names of many organisms are associated with classical studies in some areas of biology. Which of the following does not show such matching?
(a) Pea-Laws of heredity
(b) Acetabularia-Relationship between nucleus and cytoplasm
(c) E. coli – Genetic engineering
(d) Barley seeds- Role of phytochrome
(d) Barley seeds- Role of phytochrome
- Which plant hormone keeps cut flowers and vegetables fresh for a long time?
(a) Auxin
(b) Ethylene
(c) Gibberellin
(d) Cytokinin
(d) Cytokinin
- If a plant’s terminal bud is removed, what will happen?
(a) The plant will die.
(b) The lateral buds will grow.
(c) The shoot will die.
(d) All its leaves will fall.
(b) The lateral buds will grow.
- What is auxin herbicide?
(a) NAA
(b) IAA
(c) 2, 4-D
(d) IBA
(c) 2, 4-D
- In a plant, what causes apical dominance?
(a) High concentration of auxins in the terminal bud
(b) High concentration of gibberellins in the apical bud
(c) High concentration of auxins in the lateral bud
(d) Absence of auxins and gibberellins in the apical bud
(a) High concentration of auxins in the terminal bud
- What is used to prevent the abscission of fruits?
(a) ABA
(b) Ethylene
(c) cytokinin
(d) IBA
(d) IBA
- Tea plantations commonly use which plant growth hormone?
(a) zeatin
(b) abscisic acid
(c) indole-3 acetic acid
(d) ethylene
(c) indole-3 acetic acid
- Vernalization can be replaced by which of the following hormones?
(a) Ethylene
(b) Gibberellins
(c) Cytokinins
(d) Auxins
(b) Gibberellins
- How is flowering induced in short-day plants (SDP)?
(a) Photoperiod less than 12 hours.
(b) Photoperiod shorter than initial value and uninterrupted long night.
(c) Short photoperiod and interrupted long night.
(d) Long night
(b) Photoperiod shorter than initial value and uninterrupted long night.
- What is photoperiodism?
(a) Recurrence of day and night
(b) Effect of day length on flowering of a plant
(c) Flowering plant
(d) Growth curvature in response to light
(b) Effect of day length on flowering of a plant
- As a green plant grows, why does it bend toward the source of light when exposed to light only from one side?
(a) Green plants seek light because they are phototropic
(b) Light stimulates plant cells on the lighted side to grow faster
(c) Auxin accumulates on the shaded side, stimulating greater cell elongation.
(d) Green plants need light to perform photosynthesis
(c) Auxin accumulates on the shaded side, stimulating greater cell elongation.
- How can auxin be bioassayed?
(a) Hydroponics
(b) Potometer
(c) Lettuce hypocotyl elongation
(d) Avena coleoptile curvature
(d) Avena coleoptile curvature
- In bioassay of what are the Avena curvatures used?
(a) ABA
(b) GA3
(c) IAA
(d) Ethylene
(c) IAA
- What can be used to prevent fruit and leaf drops at an early stage?
(a) Ethylene
(b) Auxins
(c) Gibberellic acid
(d) Cytokinins
(b) Auxins
- Where does auxin synthesis occur in plants?
(a) cortex
(b) xylem
(c) phloem
(d) root and shoot tips
(d) root and shoot tips
- Cell division is induced by which hormone?
(a) Auxin
(b) Gibberellin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Trypsin
(c) Cytokinin
- Which of the following is a weedicide?
(a) IAA
(b) 2,4-D
(c) IBA
(d) NAA
(b) 2,4-D
- Auxin does not directly affect which one of the following processes?
(a) Apical dominance and root initiation.
(b) Parthenocarpy.
(c) Synthesis of ?-amylase by barley seeds.
(d) Leaf abscission.
(c) Synthesis of ?-amylase by barley seeds.
- Naturally occurring plant hormones do not include which of the following?
(a) 2, 4-D
(b) GA2
(c) Gibberellin
(d) I.A.A
(a) 2, 4-D
- What was discovered due to the “Foolish seedling’’ disease of rice?
(a) ABA
(b) 2, 4-D
(c) IAA
(d) GA
(d) GA
- What causes the elongation of cells in green plants’ internodal regions?
(a) indole acetic acid
(b) cytokinins
(c) gibberellins
(d) ethylene
(c) gibberellins
- What does apical dominance mean?
(a) Suppression of growth of apical bud by axillary buds :
(b) Suppression of growth of axillary buds by the presence of apical bud.
(c) Stimulation of growth of axillary buds by removal of apical bud.
(d) Inhibition of growth of axillary buds by removal of apical bud.
(b) Suppression of growth of axillary buds by the presence of apical bud.
- What is a plant hormone associated with Climacteric respiration?
(a) Auxin
(b) Cytokinin
(c) Ethylene
(d) Gibberellin
(c) Ethylene
- The influence of gibberellins on which of the following explains that gibberellins promote seed germination?
(a) Rate of cell division
(b) Production of hydrolyzing enzymes
(c) Synthesis of abscisic acid
(d) Absorption of water through the hard seed coat.
(b) Production of hydrolyzing enzymes
- In what way can parthenocarpic tomato fruits be produced?
(a) Raising the plants from vernalized seeds
(b) Treating the plants with phenylmercuric acetate
(c) Removing androecium of flowers before pollen grains are released
(d) Treating the plants with low concentrations of gibberellic acid and auxins
(d) Treating the plants with low concentrations of gibberellic acid and auxins
- What causes excessive elongation of plant stem?
(a) cytokinin
(b) GA
(c) ABA
(d) IAA
(b) GA
- What is the bioassay of auxin?
(a) Avena curvature test
(b) callus formation
(c) culture of fungus
(d) seed dormancy
(a) Avena curvature test
- Which one of the following is a long-day plant?
(a) Bajra
(b) Soybean
(c) Tobacco
(d) Wheat
(d) Wheat
- What is ethylene used for?
(a) retarding ripening of tomatoes
(b) the hastening of ripening of fruits
(c) slowing down the ripening of apples
(d) Both (b) and (c)
(b) the hastening of ripening of fruits
- What does coconut water contain?
(a) ABA
(b) auxin
(c) cytokinin
(d) gibberellin
(c) cytokinin
- Which hormone can counteract the effect of apical dominance?
(a) IAA
(b) Ethylene
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Gibberellin
(d) Gibberellin
- What does the term synergistic action of hormones mean?
(a) when two hormones act together but bring about opposite effects
(b) when two hormones act together and contribute to the same function
(c) when one hormone affects more than one function
(d) when many hormones bring about any one function
(b) when two hormones act together and contribute to the same function
- Why are apples generally wrapped in waxed paper?
(a) prevent sunlight from changing its colour
(b) prevent aerobic respiration by checking the entry of O2
(c) prevent ethylene formation due to injury
(d) make the apples look attractive
(b) prevent aerobic respiration by checking the entry of O2
- Growth can be measured in various ways. For measuring growth, which of the following can be used as parameters?
(a) increase in cell number
(b) increase in cell size
(c) increase in length and weight
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
- What does plasticity in plant growth mean?
(a) plant roots are extensible
(b) plant development is dependent on the environment
(c) stems can extend
(d) None of the above
(b) plant development is dependent on the environment
- What are sugarcanes sprayed with to increase sugar production?
(a) IAA
(b) cytokinin
(c) gibberellin
(d) ethylene
(c) gibberellin
- What does ABA act antagonistic to?
(a) ethylene
(b) cytokinin
(c) gibberellic acid
(d) IAA
(c) gibberellic acid
- Barley seeds germination can be stimulated by which enzyme?
(a) Protease
(b) Invertase
(c) a-amylase
(d) Lipase
(c) a-amylase
- Culture medium is generally prepared from which of the following plant materials?
(a) Pinus longifolia
(b) Cocos nucifera
(c) Borassus flabellifer
(d) Cycas revoluta
(b) Cocos nucifera
- Which of the following perceives the stimulus for geotropism in roots?
(a) Root cap
(b) Quiescent centre
(c) Root tip
(d) None of these
(a) Root cap
- Which of the following is a function of cytokinins?
(a) Inhibit cytoplasmic movement
(b) Help in the retention of chlorophyll
(c) Influence water movement
(d) Promote abscission layer formation
(b) Help in the retention of chlorophyll
- What hormone is primarily responsible for root initiation?
(a) IBA
(b) GA3
(c) ABA
(d) Kinetin
(a) IBA
- Where are most of the cytokinins produced in a plant which is not reproducing?
(a) Lateral buds
(b) Shoot apex
(c) Roots
(d) Leaves
(b) Shoot apex
- The phototropic and geotropic movements of plants have been linked to?
(a) Enzymes
(b) Starch
(c) Gibberellins
(d) Auxins
(d) Auxins
- What plant hormone promotes seed dormancy, bud dormancy and stomatal closure?
(a) IAA
(b) Abscisic acid
(c) GAl
(d) Cytokinin
(b) Abscisic acid
- How does auxin regulate cell growth?
(a) Altering the elasticity of cell walls.
(b) Altering the plasticity of cell walls.
(c) Synthesizing new cell walls.
(d) Breaking down cell walls in growing cells.
(b) Altering the plasticity of cell walls.
- Which of the following is true about monocarpic plants?
(a) bear flowers with one ovary
(b) flower once and die
(c) bear only one flower
(d) All of these
(b) flower once and die
- Where is the photoperiod in plants perceived?
(a) meristem
(b) flower
(c) floral buds
(d) leaves
(d) leaves
- What mobilizes stored food during seed germination?
(a) Cytokinin
(b) ABA
(c) Gibberellin
(d) Ethylene
(c) Gibberellin
- Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
(a) IAA – Cell wall elongation
(b) Abscisic acid – Bolting
(c) Gibberellic acid – Stem elongation
(d) Cytokinin – Cell division
(b) Abscisic acid – Bolting
- What was discovered due to the “Foolish Seedling or Bakane” disease of rice?
(a) IAA
(b) GA
(c) ABA
(d) 2, 4-D
(b) GA
- Prunning of plants promotes branching because the axillary buds get sensitized to what?
(a) Ethylene
(b) Gibberellin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) IAA
(c) Cytokinin
- In seed germination, which of the following is responsible for enzyme synthesis?
(a) IAA
(b) Gibberellin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Ethylene
(b) Gibberellin
- As a result of their role in the synthesis of auxin, which one of the following nutrients is concerned with the growth of plants?
(a) S
(b) Mn
(c) Zn
(d) K
(c) Zn
- What is the reason for the movement of mimosa pudica (Sensitive plant) leaves?
(a) Nerve impulsion
(b) Delicate leafs
(c) Loss of tissue
(d) Turgor change in the leaf base
(d) Turgor change in the leaf base
- What is the wavelength of light absorbed in the Pr form of phytochrome?
(a) 620 nm
(b) 640 nm
(c) 680 nm
(d) 720 nm
(b) 640 nm
- What is flowering dependent on cold treatment known as?
(a) Cryoscopy
(b) Cryostat
(c) Vernalization
(d) Thermography
(c) Vernalization
- In plants, when is etiolation caused?
(a) they have a mineral deficiency.
(b) they are grown in dark.
(c) they are grown in intense light.
(d) they are grown in blue light.
(b) they are grown in dark.
- In deciduous trees, which hormone is responsible for bud break in the spring?
(a) Auxins
(b) Cytokinins
(c) Gibberellins
(d) Ethylene
(c) Gibberellins
- Which of the following can be used to induce bud dormancy?
(a) IAA
(b) GA
(c) ABA
(d) ethylene
(c) ABA
- In the bioassay – Avena curvature test, the activity of what is examined?
(a) auxins
(b) gibberellins
(c) cytokinins
(d) ethylene
(a) auxins
- Which of the following is responsible for the induction of cell division and delay in senescence?
(a) Cytokinins
(b) Auxins
(c) GA
(d) CoA
(a) Cytokinins
- Due to their influence on what are gibberellins able to promote seed germination?
(a) Rate of cell division
(b) Production of hydrolyzing enzymes
(c) Synthesis of abscisic acid
(d) Absorption of water through the hard seed coat.
(b) Production of hydrolyzing enzymes
- Growth in plants is?
(a) Restricted to certain regions or structure
(b) Irreversible
(c) Change in size
(d) All of the above
(d) All of the above
- Which two climatic factors primarily affect growth?
(a) Light and temperature
(b) Temperature and relative humidity
(c) Light and wind
(d) Rainfall and temperature
(a) Light and temperature
- Plant growth can be recorded in seconds by which instrument?
(a) Arc auxanometer
(b) Arc indicator
(c) Space marker disc
(d) Crescograph
(d) Crescograph
- Maximum growth rate occurs in which of the following?
(a) Exponential phase
(b) Stationary phase
(c) Senescent phase
(d) Lag phase
(a) Exponential phase
- What is the meaning of apical dominance?
(a) suppression of growth of apical bud by axillary buds.
(b) suppression of growth of axillary buds by the presence of apical bud.
(c) stimulation of growth of axillary buds by removal of apical bud.
(d) inhibition of growth of axillary buds by removal of apical bud.
(b) suppression of growth of axillary buds by the presence of apical bud.
- Maximum root growth occurs
(a) in the presence of light
(b) at its apex
(c) behind the apex
(d) in the presence of soil
(c) behind the apex
- Which one of the following is a gaseous hormone?
(a) Auxin
(b) Ethylene
(c) Cytokinin
(d) GA
(b) Ethylene
- The potential for a plant cell to develop into a full plant exists. What is this called?
(a) totipotency
(b) gene cloning
(c) tissue culture
(d) regeneration
(a) totipotency
- Dormancy is induced by which of the following?
(a) Auxin
(b) Cytokinin
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Abscisic acid
(d) Abscisic acid
- Which plant hormone controls fruit ripening?
(a) IAA
(b) GA
(c) ABA
(d) Ethylene
(d) Ethylene
- In green plants, cell elongation occurs at internode regions due to?
(a) Ethylene
(b) Indole acetic acid
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Gibberellins
(d) Gibberellins
- What controls the differentiation of shoot?
(a) high gibberellin : cytokinin ratio
(b) high auxin : cytokinin ratio
(c) high cytokinin : auxin ratio
(d) high gibberellin : auxin ratio
(c) high cytokinin : auxin ratio
- By germinating seeds and keeping them in total darkness, etiolated seedlings are produced. Plants kept in the dark will synthesize chlorophyll under which of the following conditions?
(a) After being given a pulse of blue light
(b) After being given a pulse of red light
(c) After being given a pulse of red light followed by a pulse of far-red light
(d) After being given a pulse of far-red light followed by a pulse of red light
(c) After being given a pulse of red light followed by a pulse of far-red light
- After removing coleoptile tips and placing them on agar for one hour, Dr. F. Went observed that when the agar was placed on one side of newly-cut coleoptile stumps, the agar bent. What is the significance of this experiment?
(a) It made possible the isolation and exact identification of auxin.
(b) It is the basis for the quantitative determination of small amounts of growth-promoting substances.
(c) It supports the hypothesis that IAA is auxin.
(d) It demonstrated the polar movement of auxins.
(d) It demonstrated the polar movement of auxins.
- In a dark room, a few normal tomato seedlings were kept. They became white-coloured like albinos after a few days. What term would you use to describe them?
(a) Mutated
(b) Embolised
(c) Etiolated
(d) Defoliated
(c) Etiolated
- What is the name of the growth regulator known as the ‘stress hormone’?
(a) Abscisic acid
(b) Ethylene
(c) GA3
(d) Indole acetic acid
(a) Abscisic acid
- In plants, how is the typical growth curve?
(a) Linear
(b) Stair-steps shaped
(c) Parabolic
(d) Sigmoid
(d) Sigmoid
- In some species, which of the following is not an effect of gibberellins on plant development?
(a) Stem elongation
(b) Fruit development
(c) Induction of bolting
(d) Phototropism
(d) Phototropism
- Natural growth inhibitors include which of the following?
(a) IAA
(b) ABA
(c) NAA
(d) GA
(b) ABA
- What was shown by the experiments done by Charles Darwin and his son on plant phototropism?
(a) Auxin is produced in the tip of the coleoptile.
(b) The tip of the coleoptile is the light receptor of the plant.
(c) Within coleoptiles, auxin moves laterally away from the source of the light.
(d) More cell elongation takes place on the shaded side of the plant.
(b) The tip of the coleoptile is the light receptor of the plant.
- What can be used to make pineapples into flowers in the off-season?
(a) Ethylene
(b) Zeatin
(c) Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)
(d) Temperature
(c) Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)
- When a plant tissue culture is treated with a solution containing high levels of cytokinin and low levels of auxin, what is likely to happen?
(a) Bud and shoot formation; rapid cell expansion; decreased cell division.
(b) Bud and shoot formation; slow cell expansion; increased cell division.
(c) Bud and shoot formation; rapid cell expansion; increased cell division.
(d) Root formation; rapid cell expansion; decreased cell division.
(b) Bud and shoot formation; slow cell expansion; increased cell division.