Below are the NEET MCQ questions on Class 11 Biology Chapter “Excretory Products and their Elimination” based on the NCERT textbook. Solve the below free NEET mock test for a better understanding of the various topics. 100+ important MCQs (multiple choice questions) are given in this NEET question bank.
“Excretory Products and their Elimination” is the 19th chapter in the unit “Human Physiology” of class XI or class 11th Biology NCERT. Do note that NEET (which is conducted by NTA) is based on NCERT textbooks so they are a must-have. You can also download PDFs of NCERT textbooks.
As a medical student pursuing MBBS myself, I’ve been in your shoes and know the amount of preparation, stress, and struggle one goes through in that phase. In this eBook, I talk about the strategies aspirants need to follow to crack NEET with flying colours. It’s a natural and human tendency to lose motivation and inspiration from time to time. Throughout this guide, I show you how you can stay focused and consistent in the best possible manner.
Important Questions For NEET:
You can also answer the following NEET quiz on a sheet of paper. Once you’ve completed the NEET online test series, cross-verify and calculate your score, and evaluate your performance according to the scored marks. Calculate your score by multiplying 4 by the number of correct attempts and subtracting it from the number of incorrect attempts.
There are dozens of NEET MCQ books out there, making it difficult for medical aspirants to decide which one to purchase. To make it easier for you, I’ve handpicked the MOST RECOMMENDED books:
I hope this will help you practice better for the NEET exam. All the best!
1. The following substances are excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them.
(a) Urea
(b) Uric acid
(c) Ammonia
(d) Carbon dioxide
(b) Uric acid
2. Where does filtration of blood take place?
(a) PCT
(b) DCT
(c) Collecting ducts
(d) Malpighian body
(d) Malpighian body
3. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) ADH prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin
(b) Aldosterone facilitates water reabsorption
(c) ANF enhances sodium reabsorption
(d) Renin causes vasodilation
(a) ADH prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin
4. A large quantity of which one of the following is removed from our body by the lungs?
(a) CO2 only
(b) H2O only
(c) CO2 and H2O
(d) ammonia
(c) CO2 and H2O
5. Approximately, what is the pH of human urine?
(a) 6.5
(b) 7
(c) 6
(d) 7.5
(c) 6
6. Which one of the following statements is false?
(a) Birds and land snails are uricotelic animals
(b) Mammals and frogs are ureotelic animals
(c) Aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic animals
(d) Birds and reptiles are ureotelic
(d) Birds and reptiles are ureotelic
7. Which of the following pairs is wrong?
(a) Uricotelic — Birds
(b) Ureotelic — Insects
(c) Ammonotelic — Tadpole
(d) Ureotelic — Elephant
(b) Ureotelic — Insects
8. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) The medullary zone of the kidney is divided into a few conical masses called medullary pyramids projecting into the calyces
(b) Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as the renal pelvis
(c) Glomerulus along with Bowman’s capsule is called the renal corpuscle
(d) Renal corpuscle, Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) of the nephron is situated in the cortical region of the kidney
(b) Inside the kidney the cortical region extends in between the medullary pyramids as the renal pelvis
9. What is the condition of accumulation of urea in the blood termed as?
(a) renal calculi
(b) glomerulonephritis
(c) uremia
(d) ketonuria
(c) uremia
10. Which one of the following is also known as an antidiuretic hormone?
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Vasopressin
(c) Adrenaline
(d) Calcitonin
(b) Vasopressin
11. What is most likely the cause of albumin appearing in urine?
(a) Increase in the blood pressure
(b) Decrease in the blood osmotic corpuscles
(c) Damage to the Malpighian corpuscles
(d) Damage to the proximal convoluted tubules
(c) Damage to the Malpighian corpuscles
12. After passing through the kidney, which blood constituents remain unchanged in quantity?
(a) Urea and glucose
(b) Glucose and proteins
(c) Urea and proteins
(d) Urea and uric acid
(b) Glucose and proteins
13. The Bowman’s capsule lacks sufficient filtration, so all are likely to happen except?
(a) Accumulation of fluid in the body
(b) Increase in blood pressure
(c) Increase in blood urea level
(d) Loss of glucose through urine
(d) Loss of glucose through urine
14. Solid clusters of what are kidney crystals?
(a) Calcium nitrate and uric acid
(b) Phosphate and uric acid
(c) Calcium carbonate and uric acid
(d) Calcium metabisulphite and uric acid
(b) Phosphate and uric acid
15. What is the content of glomerular filtrate?
(a) Urea, sodium chloride, fibrinogen and water
(b) Glucose, amino acids, urea, oxytocin and calcitonin
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Urea, glucose, salts and water
(d) Urea, glucose, salts and water
16. “Columns of Bertini” are formed in the kidneys of mammals by extending?
(a) Medulla into the cortex
(b) Cortex into the medulla
(c) Medulla into the pelvis
(d) Pelvis into the ureter
(b) Cortex into the medulla
17. Bowman’s capsule collects a liquid in its cavity, which is?
(a) Concentrated urine
(b) Blood plasma minus blood proteins
(c) Glycogen and water
(d) Sulphates and water
(b) Blood plasma minus blood proteins
18. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is formed by cellular modification in the?
(a) Afferent arteriole and DCT
(b) Efferent arteriole and PCT
(c) Afferent arteriole and PCT
(d) Efferent arteriole and DCT
(a) Afferent arteriole and DCT
19. Where can you first use the term ‘urine’ to refer to contained fluid in mammals’ excretory system?
(a) Bowman’s capsule
(b) Loop of Henle
(c) Collecting tubule
(d) Urinary bladder
(c) Collecting tubule
20. Inside what does the ADH influence water permeability?
(a) Proximal tubule
(b) Distal tubule
(c) Collecting tubule
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(b) Distal tubule
21. In terms of composition, plasma resembles the filtrate produced by the glomerulus, except for the presence of?
(a) Glucose
(b) Chloride
(c) Amino acids
(d) Proteins
(d) Proteins
22. When a person is suffering from poor renal reabsorption then which of the following will not help in the maintenance of blood volume?
(a) Decreased glomerular filtration
(b) Increased ADH secretion
(c) Decreased arterial pressure in kidney
(d) Increased arterial pressure in kidney
(d) Increased arterial pressure in kidney
23. What is true about the distal convoluted tubule of the nephrons?
(a) Na reabsorption requires energy
(b) Secretion of K ions does not require energy
(c) Water reabsorption requires energy
(d) Ammonia is secreted
(a) Na reabsorption requires energy
24. In which organism do ureters act as urogenital ducts?
(a) human males
(b) human females
(c) both female and male frog
(d) frog male
(d) frog male
25. Which one of the following statements is correct about kidney functions?
(a) When someone drinks a lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.
(b) Exposure to cold temperature blood flow stimulates the formation of Angiotensin II.
(c) An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates the formation of Angiotensin II.
(d) During summer when the body loses a lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
(a) When someone drinks a lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.
26. The renal tubules reabsorb which of the following completely?
(a) Na
(b) K
(c) H2O
(d) C6H12O6
(d) C6H12O6
27. Which part does not belong to the uriniferous tubule?
(a) Glomerulus
(b) Henle’s loop
(c) Distal convoluted tubule
(d) Collecting duct
(d) Collecting duct
28. Chloride ions are reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate in uriniferous tubules by?
(a) Active transport
(b) Diffusion
(c) Osmosis
(d) Brownian movement
(b) Diffusion
29. In which of the following sets are all groups of ureotelic animals represented?
(a) Marine fishes, amphibians and mammals
(b) Bony fishes, mammals and terrestrial insects
(c) Aquatic insects, amphibians and land snails
(d) Bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and terrestrial mammals
(a) Marine fishes, amphibians and mammals
30. What are the projections of the renal pelvis called?
(a) Hiluses
(b) Calyces
(c) Medullary pyramids
(d) Renal columns
(b) Calyces
31. What are the main functions of the kidney?
(a) Passive absorption
(b) Ultrafiltration
(c) Selective reabsorption
(d) Both b and c
(d) Both b and c
32. Where do the two kidneys lie in a man?
(a) At the level of ovaries
(b) At the same level
(c) Left kidney at a higher level than the right one
(d) Right kidney at a higher level than the left one
(c) Left kidney at a higher level than the right one
33. The peritubular capillaries, Vasa recta are around
(a) Posterior part of the alimentary canal
(b) PCT
(c) Loop of Henle
(d) DCT
(c) Loop of Henle
34. Formation of large quantities of dilute urine is not favoured by which one of the following?
(a) Caffeine
(b) Renin
(c) Atrial-natriuretic factor
(d) Alcohol
(b) Renin
35. If the proximal convoluted tubule is removed from the nephron, what will happen?
(a) More concentrated urine
(b) No change in quality and quantity of urine
(c) No urine formation
(d) More diluted urine
(d) More diluted urine
36. Why is human urine usually acidic?
(a) excreted plasma proteins are acidic
(b) potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity
(c) hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate.
(d) the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.
(c) hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate.
37. In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry the largest amount of urea?
(a) Renal Vein
(b) Dorsal Aorta
(c) Hepatic Vein
(d) Hepatic Portal Vein
(c) Hepatic Vein
38. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) The descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
(b) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water.
(c) The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
(d) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
(d) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
39. What is Glomerulus along with Bowman’s capsule called?
(a) Column of Bertini
(b) Renal capsule
(c) Malpighian tubule
(d) None of these
(d) None of these
40. What is not a part of the renal tubule?
(a) Henle’s loop
(b) Glomerulus
(c) Bowmans’s capsule
(d) Collecting tubule
(b) Glomerulus
41. Man excretes waste products of adenine and guanine metabolism as?
(a) Ammonia
(b) Urea
(c) Uric acid
(d) Allantois
(c) Uric acid
42. A man takes a large amount of protein. What is likely to be excreted more by him?
(a) water
(b) glucose
(c) urea and uric acid
(d) salts
(c) urea and uric acid
43. Where is urea mainly produced in a man?
(a) Liver
(b) Kidneys
(c) Gall bladder
(d) Spleen
(a) Liver
44. Aquatic reptiles are
(a) Ammonotelic
(b) Ureotelic over land
(c) Ureotelic
(d) Ureotelic in water
(c) Ureotelic
45. How can the glomerular filtration rate be decreased?
(a) Constriction of the efferent arteriole
(b) An increase in afferent arteriolar pressure
(c) Compression of the renal capsule
(d) An increase in renal blood flow
(c) Compression of the renal capsule
46. What is the Duct of Bellini concerned with?
(a) Filtration of urine
(b) Purification of urine
(c) Conduction of urine
(d) All the above
(c) Conduction of urine
47. What directly increases glomerular blood pressure and hence GFR?
(a) Aldosterone
(b) ANF
(c) Angiotensin II
(d) Renin
(c) Angiotensin II
48. How much water is present in urine?
(a) 96%
(b) 90%
(c) 70%
(d) None of these
(a) 96%
49. Salts are reabsorbed from glomerular by?
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Vassopressin
(c) Glucoorticoides
(d) Mineralocorticoids
(d) Mineralocorticoids
50. When someone is on a hunger strike and surviving only on water, what will they have?
(a) fewer amino acids in his urine
(b) more glucose in his blood
(c) less urea in his urine
(d) more sodium in his urine
(c) less urea in his urine
51. What would normally not be present in the liquid part of the blood that has undergone ultrafiltration from the glomerulus and reaching Bowman’s capsule?
(a) Sugar (glucose)
(b) Sodium chloride
(c) Creatinine
(d) Albumin
(d) Albumin
52. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the mechanism of urine formation in humans?
(a) The glomerular filtration rate is about 125 ml per minute
(b) The ultrafiltration is opposed by the colloidal osmotic pressure of plasma
(c) The counter-current systems contribute in diluting the urine
(d) Aldosterone induces greater reabsorption of sodium
(c) The counter-current systems contribute in diluting the urine
53. Apart from excretion, what is another function of the kidney?
(a) Osmoregulation
(b) Temperature regulation
(c) Hormonal regulation
(d) Spermatogenesis
(a) Osmoregulation
54. Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
(a) Podocytes: create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule.
(b) Henle’s loop: most of the reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate.
(c) Distal convoluted tubule: reabsorption of K+ ions into the surrounding blood capillaries.
(d) Afferent arteriole: carries the blood away from the glomerular towards the renal vein.
(a) Podocytes: create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule.
55. A large proportion of oxygen is left unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the body tissues. This O2
(a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise.
(b) raise the pCO2 of blood to 75 mm of Hg.
(c) is enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96%.
(d) helps in releasing more O2 to the epithelial tissues.
(a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise.
56. Where is the principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans synthesised?
(a) in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
(b) in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
(c) in liver and also eliminated by the same through the bile
(d) in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys
(d) in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys
57. Which one of the following statements about the excretion by human kidneys correct?
(a) Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water
(b) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3
(c) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
(d) Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
(c) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
58. What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?
(a) Micturition will continue
(b) Urine will continue to collect normally in the bladder
(c) There will be no micturition
(d) Urine will not collect in the bladder
(c) There will be no micturition
59. What do lysozymes present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroy
(a) certain types of bacteria
(b) all viruses
(c) most virus-infected cells
(d) certain fungi
(a) certain types of bacteria
60. Where are Bowman’s glands located?
(a) anterior pituitary
(b) female reproductive system of cockroach
(c) olfactory epithelium of our nose
(d) proximal end of uriniferous tubules.
(c) olfactory epithelium of our nose
61. Which of the following wastes are removed from the blood in the Ornithine cycle?
(a) CO2 and urea
(b) Ammonia and urea
(c) CO2 and ammonia
(d) Urea and urine
(c) CO2 and ammonia
62. A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. Abnormal quantities of what will be found in his urine?
(a) fats
(b) amino acids
(c) glucose
(d) ketones
(d) ketones
63. In human kidneys, the filtration pressure is about?
(a) + 15 mm Hg
(b) + 70 mm Hg
(c) + 45 mm Hg
(d) +55 mm Hg
(a) + 15 mm Hg
64. What is the presence of glucose in urine called?
(a) Diabetes insipidus
(b) Diabetes mellitus
(c) Galactosemia
(d) None of these
(d) None of these
65. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Water reabsorption in descending limb of loop and collecting duct are under similar conditions
(b) Sodium reabsorption in ascending limb of loop and collecting duct occur under similar conditions.
(c) Water reabsorption in descending limb of the loop and collecting duct occur under different conditions.
(d) None of these
(a) Water reabsorption in descending limb of loop and collecting duct are under similar conditions
66. What is the diameter of the renal afferent vessel?
(a) Same as that of efferent
(b) Smaller than that of efferent
(c) Larger than that of efferent
(d) There is no efferent vessel
(c) Larger than that of efferent
67. What eliminates the excretory products of a mammalian embryo?
(a) Placenta
(b) Amniotic fluid
(c) Allantois
(d) Ureters
(a) Placenta
68. In the kidney of man, what is the effective filtration pressure in the glomerulus?
(a) + 75 mm Hg
(b) + 10 mm Hg
(c) + 35 mm Hg
(d) + 50 mm Hg
(b) + 10 mm Hg
69. A concentrated/dilute urine can be produced by us. This is a special mechanism. Which is this mechanism.
(a) Reabsorption from PCT
(b) Reabsorption from collecting duct
(c) Reabsorption/Secretion in DCT
(d) Counter current mechanism in Henle’s loop/vasa recta
(d) Counter current mechanism in Henle’s loop/vasa recta
70. There is a fluid in the dialysis unit (artificial kidney) that is almost the same as plasma, except that it has?
(a) high glucose
(b) high urea
(c) no urea
(d) high uric acid
(c) no urea
71. Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
(a) Increase in aldosterone levels
(b) Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
(c) Decrease in aldosterone levels
(d) Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
(a) Increase in aldosterone levels
72. Consider the following four statements (1-4) regarding kidney transplants and select the two correct ones out of these.
(1) Even if a kidney transplant is proper the recipient may need to take immune suppressants for a long time.
(2) The cell-mediated immune response is responsible for graft rejection.
(3) The B lymphocytes are responsible for the rejection of the graft.
(4) The acceptance or rejection of a kidney transplant depends on specific interferons.
Which are the two correct statements?
(a) (2) and (3)
(b) (3) and (4)
(c) (1) and (3)
(d) (1) and (2)
(d) (1) and (2)
73. Select the correct statements out of the following.
(1) Flame cells are excretory structures in flatworms.
(2) Green glands are excretory organs in annelids.
(3) Columns of Bertini are the conical projections of the renal pelvis into the renal medulla between the renal pyramids.
(a) (1) and (2) are correct
(b) (2) and (3) are incorrect
(c) (1) and (3) are correct
(d) (1), (2) and (3) are correct
(b) (2) and (3) are incorrect
74. Which of the following statement (s) is/are true?
(1) Urine is hypertonic in the distal convoluted tubule.
(2) When the urine passes into the collecting tubule, it becomes hypotonic.
(3) Urine is isotonic in the proximal convoluted tubule.
(4) Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it passes through Henle’s loop.
(a) (1) and (4)
(b) (1), (2) and (3)
(c) (2) and (3)
(d) (3) only
(d) (3) only
75. Where do podocytes occur?
(a) large intestine
(b) glomerulus of kidney
(c) wall of capillaries
(d) neck region
(b) glomerulus of kidney
76. What is the end product of the ornithine cycle?
(a) urea
(b) uric acid
(b) NH3
(d) CO2
(a) urea
77. Nephron tubules reabsorb by?
(a) osmosis
(b) diffusion
(c) active transport
(d) both (b) & (c)
(d) both (b) & (c)
78. In the human body, toxic substances are detoxified by?
(a) kidney
(b) lungs
(c) liver
(d) stomach
(c) liver
79. Which of the following has minimum urea content?
(a) Hepatic portal vein
(b) Portal vein
(c) Renal vein
(d) Vena cava
(c) Renal vein
80. What is the purpose of the Bellini Duct?
(a) Filtration of urine
(b) Purification of urine
(c) Conduction of urine
(d) All the above
(c) Conduction of urine
81. Which of the following statements about kidney excretion in humans is true?
(a) Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
(b) Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water
(c) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3
(d) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
(d) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
82. What is to be expected if Henle’s loop were absent from mammalian nephrons?
(a) there will be no urine formation
(b) there will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed
(c) the urine will be more concentrated
(d) the urine will be more dilute.
(d) the urine will be more dilute.
83. In mammals, which blood vessel normally carries the most urea?
(a) Dorsal aorta
(b) Hepatic vein
(c) Hepatic portal vein
(d) Renal vein
(b) Hepatic vein
84. Arginine is broken down into what by the enzyme arginase during the ornithine cycle?
(a) Citrulline and ammonia
(b) Ornithine and ammonia
(c) Ornithine and urea
(d) Citrulline and urea.
(c) Ornithine and urea
85. Which one is not right?
(a) Humans – Uriotelic
(b) Birds – Uricotelic
(c) Lizards – Uricotelic
(d) Whale – Ammonotelics
(d) Whale – Ammonotelics
86. Nitrogen is not excreted as urea by which of the following animals?
(a) Tadpole
(b) Frog
(c) Toad
(d) Elasmobranch fish
(a) Tadpole
87. In the excretory products of which organism is uric acid the chief nitrogenous component?
(a) Man
(b) Earthworm
(c) Cockroach
(d) Frog
(c) Cockroach
88. The kidney secretes which hormone?
(a) ANF
(b) Erythropoietin
(c) Rennin
(d) Aldosterone
(b) Erythropoietin
89. A great amount of what is eliminated in the urine of a person suffering from muscular dystrophy?
(a) Glucose
(b) Sulphate
(c) Water
(d) Creatinine
(d) Creatinine
90. What does a healthy human not excrete out in his urine?
(a) Uric acid
(b) Alanine
(c) Creatinine
(d) B-complex vitamins
(b) Alanine
91. How can urea from the blood be removed?
(a) Uraemia
(b) Diuresis
(c) Dialysis
(d) Micturition
(c) Dialysis
92. Where is the glucose mainly absorbed in the kidney?
(a) Loop of Henle
(b) Proximal convoluted tubules
(c) Distal convoluted tubules
(d) Bowman’s capsule
(b) Proximal convoluted tubules
93. Which of the following is a metabolic waste of protein metabolism?
(a) NH3, urea and CO2
(b) Urea, Oxygen and N2
(c) Urea, ammonia and alanine
(d) Urea, ammonia and creatinine
(d) Urea, ammonia and creatinine
94. The presence of excess urea in the blood as a result of kidney failure is?
(a) Urochrome
(b) Uraemia
(c) Uricotelism
(d) Ureotelism
(b) Uraemia
95. If kidneys fail to reabsorb water, the effect on tissue would?
(a) Remain unaffected
(b) Shrink and shrivel
(c) Absorb water from blood plasma
(d) Take more O2 from the blood
(b) Shrink and shrivel
Other Chapters:
Class 11
Class 12
Good luck Medicoholics! Until next time.